World Cup 2026 · Live emissions ledger

FIFA World Cup Emissions Tracker

48 teams. 104 matches. One climate bill.

Methodology
50
FIFA financial liability baseline · art. 26.1 subsidy cap
Emissions factors
DEFRA
2024 · flight 0.154 · ground 0.027 kg/km
Matches
104
48 teams · 16 venues · 3 hosts
Scope
delegation
FIFA liability only · not fan travel

How this is calculated

Delegation travel emissions for all 48 teams at World Cup 2026. Raw totals. No normalisation.

Delegation size

The tracker uses 50 people per delegation — but this is explicitly framed as FIFA's financial liability baseline, not an actual delegation size.

FIFA World Cup 2026 Regulations article 26.1 sets a financial cap: FIFA subsidises business-class flights for up to 50 delegation members (article 38–39). Actual delegations vary — 23–26 players + varying staff, often exceeding 50. Teams may bring more at their own expense.

The 50-person figure is defensible because it represents FIFA's committed financial liability for emissions. The tracker answers: "What emissions is FIFA on the hook for?" — not "What did teams actually emit?"

Source: FIFA World Cup 26 Regulations, articles 24.1, 26.1, 38–39.

Ground transport

For sub-150 km legs, the tracker assumes charter coach transport. This is operationally defensible:

  • Urban Express Charter (urbanexpresscharter.com) confirms full-size coaches as standard delegation transport for World Cup 2026 short transfers
  • Prime Charter Bus (primecharterbus.com) confirms the same operational pattern for team and group transport

The 150 km threshold is still arbitrary, but the coach emissions factor (0.02717 kg CO₂e/km/pax, DEFRA 2024) behind it is grounded in real-world logistics.

Recent updates

This dashboard is actively maintained. The most recent changes include:

  • Infantino flight tracker: live ADS-B tracking of FIFA President Gianni Infantino's private Gulfstream G650 (A7-CGG) with fuel-burn CO₂e model, interactive flight map, and cumulative emissions log.
  • Full delegation travel scope: totals and rankings now include both home-to-base pre-tournament flights and in-tournament travel, not just travel during the tournament.
  • Home-to-base leg breakdown: expanding any team row now shows the researched home-to-base flight as the first trip.
  • Reconstructed historical estimates: Russia 2018 (4,363 t) and Brazil 2014 (6,260 t) recalculated from actual fixture schedules + confirmed base camp locations + haversine + DEFRA 2024 — same methodology as 2026 tracker.
  • Distinct historical reference colors: Qatar 2022, Russia 2018, and Brazil 2014 each have their own color and a clear passed marker once exceeded.
  • Responsive layout: the leaderboard, chart, and history page are now usable on phones and tablets.
  • Data integrity: added missing database columns for base country and home-base departure country, and corrected Mexico's zero-distance home-to-base emission.

Infantino Flight Tracker

The Infantino tab tracks FIFA President Gianni Infantino's private Gulfstream G650 (registration A7-CGG, callsign QQE236) during the tournament. This is a separate investigation measuring individual executive travel emissions, not delegation travel.

It uses a fuel-burn model rather than DEFRA distance factors:

  • Fuel burn: 1,500 kg/hour — defensible and slightly conservative for short North American hops (consensus cruise ~1,450 kg/hr per Jetcraft / Business Jet Traveler)
  • Jet fuel CO₂: 3.15 kg CO₂ per kg fuel burned
  • Radiative forcing: 1.7× multiplier (contrails, NOx at altitude)
  • Formula: hours × 1,500 × 3.15 × 1.7 = CO₂e kg

Data sources: adsb.lol (primary, real-time ADS-B) and OpenSky Network (OAuth2-authenticated fallback). Flight history backfilled daily from OpenSky's aircraft flight API. All 17 North American airports hardcoded with coordinates; flights to unknown airports are skipped.

This measures Infantino's personal aircraft emissions — not FIFA delegation travel, not stadium operations, not fan travel. The comparison cards show annual and lifetime per-person equivalents for context.

Scope

This tracker covers delegation travel emissions using FIFA's 50-person financial liability baseline — the carbon footprint FIFA is committed to subsidising for the 48 national team delegations as they travel between base camps and match venues during the tournament.

Fan travel accounts for the majority of total World Cup emissions — 80% at Brazil 2014, 75% at Russia 2018, and 52% (transport) / 64% (travel + accommodation) at Qatar 2022. None of this is captured here.

Journey Model

Group stage: Teams travel base → venue on match day minus 1, return to base after each match. Two legs per match per team. Three group stage matches = six legs total per team. (FIFA art. 18.3)

Knockout stage: From round of 32, teams release base camp and move venue to venue. One leg per match, no return legs. (FIFA art. 18.4)

Home-to-Base Flights

Pre-tournament flights from each team's departure point to their base camp are included in this tracker. Under FIFA World Cup 2026 Regulations (articles 38–39), FIFA covers business-class return flights for up to 50 delegation members to the tournament.

We researched actual departure points for all 48 teams using official federation announcements and reputable sports media in native languages. Key findings:

  • 40 teams depart from their home country capital
  • 8 teams depart from European/Middle Eastern training camps (Congo DR, Cote d'Ivoire, Egypt, Ghana, Iran, Iraq, Qatar, Uzbekistan)
  • 3 teams have domestic flights only (Australia, Canada, USA)
  • 1 team has zero home-to-base flight (Mexico — base camp in Mexico City)

Total home-to-base emissions: ~2,746 tonnes CO₂e. This is in addition to in-tournament travel between base camps and match venues.

Departure points were assigned confidence levels based on source quality:

  • CONFIRMED: Official federation or FIFA announcement
  • REPORTED: Reputable sports media in native languages
  • ASSUMED: Home capital city used as default when no specific departure was reported

Of 48 teams: 1 confirmed (Mexico), 8 reported (training camp departures), and 39 assumed (home capitals). Teams with non-capital departures include Iran (Antalya), Iraq (Girona), Qatar (Dublin), Congo DR (Marbella), and others.

Emissions Factors

DEFRA 2024 greenhouse gas conversion factors are used:

  • Flight: 0.154 kg CO₂e per km per passenger (long-haul average, includes radiative forcing / non-CO₂ effects at altitude)
  • Ground: 0.027 kg CO₂e per km per passenger (intercity coach / charter bus)
  • Zero: 0 kg CO₂e (distance < 10km)

Source: UK DEFRA 2024 Greenhouse Gas Conversion Factors, gov.uk. The flight factor includes the 1.7× radiative forcing multiplier applied to direct CO₂ emissions.

Transport Mode Classification

Mode is determined by haversine distance between origin and destination:

  • Zero: < 10km — base is effectively at the venue
  • Ground: 10–150km — charter coach assumed (operationally defensible per Urban Express Charter / Prime Charter Bus)
  • Flight: > 150km — long-haul factor applied

Historical Comparisons

Past tournament reference lines are modelled estimates using the same methodology as 2026:

  • Qatar 2022: ~1,712 t — compact tournament, almost all ground travel
  • Russia 2018: ~4,363 t — reconstructed from actual fixtures + confirmed base camps
  • Brazil 2014: ~6,260 t — reconstructed from actual fixtures + researched base camps

Group and knockout stage figures for Russia 2018 and Brazil 2014 are the most defensible part — calculated from actual fixture schedules, confirmed base camp locations, haversine distances, and DEFRA 2024 factors. Home-to-base figures use rough continental averages and remain approximations.

No official delegation-only emissions data exists for any past World Cup. All published reports lump delegation into broader categories.

Structural Inequality

Some teams generate fewer emissions due to FIFA's fixture scheduling placing their base at their game venue. This proximity is a function of scheduling, not team effort. 11 teams generated zero emissions on their opening leg.

Data Sources

  • Venue coordinates: Wikipedia / official stadium sources
  • Team base locations: FIFA official + confirmed base camp lists
  • Fixture schedule: FIFA official 2026 — all 104 matches
  • Results feed: football-data.org free tier
  • Temperature: Open-Meteo archive (2009–2025) + forecast APIs
  • CO₂ concentration: NOAA Mauna Loa daily readings
  • Emissions factors: UK DEFRA 2024 GHG Conversion Factors
  • Infantino live position: adsb.lol (primary), OpenSky Network (OAuth2 fallback)
  • Infantino flight history: OpenSky Network aircraft flight API
  • Infantino fuel burn: Jetcraft, Business Jet Traveler, professional G650 pilot sources
  • Historical tournament context: FIFA Sustainability Reports, South Pole Group GHG accounting reports (Russia 2018, Qatar 2022)

Raw Totals Only

Historical comparisons use raw CO₂e totals, not normalised per-team or per-match figures. The editorial thesis is that FIFA's expansion from 32 to 48 teams is the primary cause of increased emissions. Raw totals reflect the actual consequence of this decision.